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Wildcards |
Description |
| * |
match
none or more characters In
below examples we list (ls) all files which start with y and end
with conf. Another example Examplebelow shows we want to list all
files start with e
ls y*.conf
yp.conf yum.conf
ls e*
enscript.cfg environment esd.conf exports
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| ? |
match
only one character Example
below shows we are going list rc?.d which ? represent only 1
character macthing.
ls -l rc?.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc0.d -> rc.d/rc0.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc1.d -> rc.d/rc1.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc2.d -> rc.d/rc2.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc3.d -> rc.d/rc3.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc4.d -> rc.d/rc4.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc5.d -> rc.d/rc5.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc6.d -> rc.d/rc6.d
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| [] |
match
one characters in the []
Example below shows we are listing rc files where it match either 1
, 2 or 3 only
ls -l rc[123].d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc1.d -> rc.d/rc1.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc2.d -> rc.d/rc2.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc3.d -> rc.d/rc3.d
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| [a-d] |
match
character a, b, c and d in the given range
The following example we are match rc
files 1 to 5 ended with .d
ls -l rc[1-5].d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc1.d -> rc.d/rc1.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc2.d -> rc.d/rc2.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc3.d -> rc.d/rc3.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc4.d -> rc.d/rc4.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc5.d -> rc.d/rc5.d
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| [!a-d] |
Match
any character other than in the given range within []
The following example will list out
all rc files that are not with 1 to 3 ended with .d
ls -l rc[!1-3].d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc0.d -> rc.d/rc0.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc4.d -> rc.d/rc4.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc5.d -> rc.d/rc5.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc6.d -> rc.d/rc6.d |
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| [!abcd] |
Match
any character that is not listed in []
The following example tell the system
to list the file which is not start with rc and has 1,2 or 3 in
within the character and ended with .d
ls -l rc[!1,3,5].d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc0.d -> rc.d/rc0.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc2.d -> rc.d/rc2.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc4.d -> rc.d/rc4.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 26 19:32 rc6.d -> rc.d/rc6.d |
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